Endometriosis Ultrasound

Endometriosis is a common condition affecting approximately 1 in 10 women, where tissue similar to the lining of the uterus (endometrium) grows outside the uterus. It most commonly involves the ovaries, the muscular wall of the uterus (adenomyosis), and other structures within the pelvis.

The endometrium is the lining of the uterus that thickens and sheds each month during the menstrual cycle. When endometrial-like tissue grows outside the uterus, it can also respond to hormonal changes, leading to inflammation, scarring, and the formation of ovarian cysts (endometriomas). This may result in symptoms such as painful periods, chronic pelvic pain, heavy menstrual bleeding, and, in some cases, infertility.

There are two main types of endometriosis: superficial endometriosis and deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE). Superficial endometriosis involves disease on the surface of pelvic organs or within the ovaries and may be monitored with pelvic ultrasound where appropriate.

Deep infiltrating endometriosis occurs when the disease extends deeper into structures such as the bowel, bladder, ureters, cervix, and vaginal tissues. This can lead to adhesions, distortion of pelvic anatomy, and a range of symptoms, although some patients may be asymptomatic.

Common Endometriosis Symptoms

• Significant and recurring period pain (where you need painkillers to manage the pain)
• Period pain that often worsens over time
• Abnormal bowel or urinary symptoms related to the period
• Pre-menstrual or mid-cycle spotting
• Occasionally a symptom of endometriosis can be painful intercourse
• Surprisingly some women can have minimal symptoms